Schools of Thought Essay Example for Free

Schools of Thought EssayTHERE WERE THREE MAJOR PHILOSOPHIES THAT EXISTED IN ANCIENT CHINESE magazineS LEGALISM, DAOISM, AND CONFUCIANISM. EACH PHILOSOPHY HAD DIFFERENT WAYS OF THINKING/BELIEFS THAT INFLUENCED THEIR FOLLOWERS WAYS OF LIFE.ALTHOUGH THESE SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT MAY HAVE BEEN SUCCESSFUL IN ANCIENT CHINESE TIMES, WOULD THEY SUCCEED IN A participatory political science IN TODAYS SOCIETY? ONE SCHOOL OF THOUGHT THAT WOULD non FLOURISH IN TODAYS WORLD IS LEGALISM, FOUNDED BY HAN FEIZI. LEGALIST IDEAS WERE BUILT AROUND THE BELIEF THAT ONLY STRICT LAWS ENFORCED BY A stiff RULER WOULD ENSURE ORDER IN SOCIETY, AND THAT THERULER ALONE POSSESSES POWER. IT IS EVIDENT AS TO WHY THESE PRINCIPLES WOULD non WORK IN A democratic GOVERNMENT BECAUSE A DEMOCRACY IS A GOVERNMENT BY THE PEOPLE FOR THE PEOPLE, AND NO SINGLE BEING HAS TOTAL CONTROL. HAN FEIZI too BELIEVED THAT PEOPLE ACT turn out OF THEIR OWN SELF-INTEREST (ONE FOR ALL) AND NOT TO GOOD EXAMPLES (ALL FOR ONE). ALTHOUGH IN TODAYS SOCIETY WE LIKE TO STICK TO THE MORALS THAT YOU PUT THE GROUP OVER THE INDIVIDUAL, some PEOPLE WILL STILL ACT OUT OF GREED AND PUT THEMSELVES FIRST. solely OUR COUNTRY WOULD NEVER PROSPER IF EVERYONE ALWAYS ACTED OUT OF JUST strictlySELF-INTEREST AND BE GREEDY ALL THE TIME. THE LEGALIST IDEOLOGIES CONCERNING SELF-INTEREST COMPLETELY CONTRADICTS THE CONFUCIANS, WHICH IS THE ONE SCHOOL OF THOUGHT THAT COULD SUCCEED IN A DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT IN TODAYS SOCIETY. CONFUCIUS, THE FOUNDER OF THE CONFUCIAN SCHOOL OF THOUGHT, BASED MOST OF HIS IDEAS ON HOW TO REINSTATE PEACE AND ENSURE HARMONY IN A TIME FILLED WITH WAR AND FIGHTING.THE PRINCIPLES HE CONSTRUCTED IN ANCIENT CHINESE TIMES COULD ALSO SUCCEED IN A DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT TODAY. CONFUCIUS HAD THE IDEA THAT A SUPERIOR PERSON IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE WELL BEING OF THE INFERIOR PERSON.THIS WOULD SUCCEED IN TODAYS SOCIETY IN A DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT BECAUSE ITS JUST LIKE HAVING A PRESIDENT. THEY DONT HAVE COMPLETE CONTROL OVER THE LIVES OF THE PEOPLE, BUT GUARANTEES US WELFARE AS CITIZENS. CONFUCIUS ALSO HAD MANY THOUGHTS ON RELATIONSHIPSAND MAINLY THAT THE SUPERIOR PERSON SUCH AS A FATHER SHOULD SET AN EXAMPLE FOR THE INFERIOR ONE SUCH AS A SON.THIS IDEA WOULD ALSO SUCCEED TODAY. OUR COUNTRY WILL ONLY BENEFIT IF PROPER ETIQUETTES AND WAYS WERE INTRODUCED TO OTHERS FOR THEM TO FOLLOW AS WELL. LASTLY, CONFUCIUS PLACED A labored EMPHASIS ON LEARNING WHICH WOULD BE SUCCESSFUL IN ANYSOCIETY DURING ANY TIME. THE LAST SCHOOL OF THOUGH IS DAOISM, AND IT WOULD NOT BE equal to(p) TO THRIVE IN TODAYS SOCIETY IN A DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT.DAOISM IS SIMILAR TO CONFUCIANISM BECAUSE IT TOO SEARCHED FOR WAYS TO ENSURE PEACE IN SOCIETY, BUT THIS PHILOSOPHY TOOK A DIFFERENT ROUTE IN DOING SO.THE FOUNDER OF DAOISM, LAO ZI PUT MUCH EMPHASIS ON THE LINK BETWEEN PEOPLE AND NATURE, AND BELIEVED THE outflank WAY TO LIVE WAS THE NATURAL WAY. JUST BASED OFF THE BACKBONE PRINCIPLES OF THIS PHILOSOPHY, IT IS APPARENT THAT IT WOULD NOT BE SUCCESSFUL TODAY. IN OUR WORLD TODAY, EVERYTHING IS BASED ON USING OUR NEW TECHNOLOGIES TOTHE FULLEST, AND USING THEM TO MODERNIZE OUR STANDARDS OF LIVING AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE. ALTHOUGH DAOISTS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR INVENTIONS SUCH AS THE MAGNETIC COMPASS ADVANCES INSCIENCE AND ASTRONOMY, THEY STILL USED THEM IN HARMONY WITH NATURE, WHICH IS THE EXACT OPPOSITE OF WHAT WE DO TODAY. OUR SOCIETY IS ALL ABOUT MAKING ADVANCES IN OUR TECHNOLOGIES, WITHOUT GIVING A THOUGH TO HOW MUCH IT IS HURTING OUR ENVIRONMENT BECAUSE WE PUT SUCH LITTLE EMPHASIS ON NATURE.THE MAIN REASON THAT DAOISM WOULD NOT BLEND WITH A DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT IS BECAUSE DAOISM WAS ALSO A GROUNDED BY THE IDEA THAT GOVERNMENT SHOULD BE RUN BY FEWLAWS AND LITTLE TO NO RULE. IF OUR GOVERNMENT WERE LIKE THAT, SO MANY CRIMES AND WRONG DOINGS WOULD TAKE PLACE THAT THE COUNTRY WOULD FALL APART IN A MATTER OF DAYS.OVERALL, THE THREE SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT ARE NOT BEST SUITED TO SUCCEED IN TODAYS SOCIETY IN A DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT MAINLY DUE TO THE FACT THAT THEY THEIR PRINCIPLES WERE determine IN ANCIENT CHINESE TIMES. THE ONLY REASON CONFUCIANISM IS THE ONLY SCHOOL OF THOUGH THAT COULD PROSPER TODAY IS BECAUSE IT IS THE ONLY ONE WHOS IDEOLOGIES SOMEWHAT match SOME OF OUR MORALITIES AND GOVERNMENT POLICIES WE ABIDE BY TODAY.

The Century of the Self Essay Example for Free

The Century of the egotism EssayThe Century of the Self is a British documentary serial publication in four episodes diffused by BBC four in 2002 and art house cinemas in the US. This documentary was written, realized, produced and directed by Kevin Adam Curtis, an English filmmaker, innate(p) in 1955. His work is more of a journalistic work than a director work indeed his works are based on sociology, doctrine and semipolitical history.Adam Curtis won various awards like Golden Gate Persistence of Vision Award at the San Francisco International Film Festival in 2005 or the Alan Clarke Award for Outstanding Contribution to Television at the British Academy Television Awards but The Century of the Self is best-known work. The Century of the Self is a documentary talking about the untold and sometimes controversial story of the development of mass consumer society in Britain and the United States. It shows the evolution of the western sandwich individual, traditional rights to t he individual consumer, how that created consumer-king, by whom and for whose interests?This film examines how Freuds theories of the unconscious shaped the development of PR and advertising and why psychoanalysis may still calculate today as a critical theory of consumerism and social conformity. The word consumerism can be defined in different ways ? Refers to all doctrines, actions and organizations utilise to the defense of the interests of consumers. The most common form of consumerism is the consumer association. His actions cover the areas of protection, information, education and the rights of consumers.Refers to an economic ideology. This is a consumer of goods and services that mutate according to the lifestyle of our society. This is a subtle and deadly notion that we then speak of consumer society. Consumerism is, as such, slammed since the late twentieth carbon, either by the environmental movement or anti- ads . The first episode of the series is disposed to the relationship between Freud and his American nephew, Edward Bernay. Bernay invented the public relations profession in the 1920s and was the first person to use Freuds ideas to anipulate the masses.He showed American corporations how to make commonwealth want things they did not need by linking mass production of consumer goods to their inner desires. Bernay was one of the principal architects of persuasive techniques in mass consumption, using all the tricks of dissimulation (every trick in the book ), from celebrity endorsement and public relations blows most outrageous, until the autoeroticism. His most famous coup was breaking the taboo of smoke for women by persuading them that smoking was a symbol of independence and freedom.Bernay was convinced that it was more than just a way to sell more consumer goods. It was a new political idea to control the masses. Satisfying unaware that his uncle had identified irrational desires, people could be made happy and thus docile. To con clude I think the century of the self is the most profound documentary Ive ever seen and its unique because of its ability to show how our society became the way it is today, what emerges is nothing less than a history of 20th-century social control. The Century of The Self explains not alone why the country is the way it is, but why you are the way you are.

Critical Evaluation Of Ethnography And Grounded Theory

Critical Evaluation Of Ethnography And Grounded TheoryIt is obvious that research is an important element of our everyday life. Research is everywhere we go it is background of everything we face in our give time like for example management, marketing or finance. There argon two chief(prenominal) streams of performing a musical compositionicular research it is qualitative method which is based broadly of words and statements or quantitative which involves statistics and empirical evidence. Two out of three most a great deal discussed qualitative approaches which are grounded surmisal, ethnography and phenomenology would be discussed in this paper (Avis, 2003).In the prime(prenominal) part of this paper I am about to discuss the main idea of ethnography. I am going to discover what is it and I would talk about the methods of research ethnographers social function in order to get information they need, for reservation a relative conclusion. In addition, in this research paper I would to talk about what are the problems the researchers face in obtaining and evaluating obtained observations. This part would present some(prenominal) example of how this method could be applied in everyday life.Second part would show the differences surrounded by two approaches ethnography and incontrovertibility approach. The drive of this part is to show the understanding of ethnographic research method from positivist perspective.Third part of this research paper would debate about second most frequently discussed qualitative approach, grounded supposition. What is it, what are main nonions of this research method? Moreover, I would discuss main methods and techniques of this research and the areas where it is usually applied. In addition I would pay off assist on the methods of conjecture formation and testing.In fourth part I would discuss grounded theory method from positivist point of view. I would argue wherefore this research method would not suit positivi sts requirements. My argument would present the examples of how certain grounded theory research could be performed from positivist point of view.Last but not least, this research paper would present differences surrounded by two most frequent qualitative research methods, grounded theory and ethnography.EthnographyIn general ethnography is a qualitative research method that recognized as a participant observation, it is the method where researcher contributes his or her time examining, communicating or cooperating with a companionable throng. By observing and communicating with a social group researcher could understand how a particular group ties their relationships among each otherwise, how a particular culture was built and maintained in order to keep social group together (Brown-Saracino, Thurk, Fine, 2008). Making research ethnographers mostly focused on actions and intentions of the social group. researcher observing the social group on daily bases tries to understand what idea is behind of a particular deed or objective (Herbert, 2000). By acquire new information about the group, understanding what they take for granted, ethnographer could identify structure of their actions. Detailed examination of the groups port on daily basis separates ethnography from other qualitative researches, like interviews (Power, 2002).Any group of persons prisoners, primitives, pilots or patients bankrupts a life of their own that becomes meaningful, reasonable, and normal once you get close to it, and a faithful stylus to learn about any of these worlds is to submit oneself in the union of the members to the daily round of petty contingencies to which they are subject (Goffman, 1961, pp. 9-10).There are various methods which researchers use in order to get a data about a particular group. One of the best examples of how ethnographer could participate in a groups activities is research make by Burawoy (1979), he worked as a machine operator for ten months i n a Chicago factory in order to answer the question, wherefore workers of the factory do not work harder. Some researchers were trying to achieve more close relationships with the groups of study however, some relationships are un intensifyable. Ethnographers usually balance between being insider and outsider, they are trying to depend everything through the eyes of the social group ethnographers trying to analyze and in the same time trying to see in all picture in general applying theories (Taber, 2010). According to Power (2002) ethnographer has to maintain two positions at the same time. One, he or she has to be a good actor, who can engage obtained information in ongoing interaction. Second, has to be rational and logical scientist to even offly interpret obtained information.Interviews, surveys and questioners are completely different from ethnography because alternatively than to examine what people say, ethnographers examine both what people say and do. There is huge ga p between described relationships and reality. The fact that ethnographer can differentiate between deeds and words make ethnography more informative methodology (Liebow, 1967).Furthermore, ethnography involves more emotions and feelings. By getting inside of the social group researchers has to change his or her habits, sights and tastes. It is also an important factor in evaluation of observations (Dennison, Wintrob, Brunt, 1972). The research do by Herbert (2000) in Los Angeles Police Department involved emotional responds because witnessing of self-destruction had a huge impact on him and this changed the observation results. Because of emotional effect, policemans job appeared to him very tough and only for people with strong heart.Ethnography from positivists perspective.Looking on ethnographic methodology from positivist point of view, we can agree and disagree in certain extent with ethnographers epistemology. First of all, both of them, ethnographers and positivists, make some winsome of observations in order to get information. However, the information ethnographers get is completely different from what positivists trying to achieve in their research. As it was mentioned before ethnography uses observations and involvement methods in order to understand what is the culture and behavior of the social group. Taking as example the experience of Burawoy (1979), ethnographer who entered society of factory workers to obtain information about why workers do not work harder. The idea of research made by Burawoy was to see the world through the eyes of those workers he was working with, understand their feelings and emotions. Whereas, positivist researcher would not try to put him or herself in shoes of another person he or she would rather employ empirical summary in this case and for example would pay attention on such factors as what is the duration of working day, how often workers have to stay overtime, how often workers go out to smoke or everything that affects workers productivity. According to Trochim (2006) the idea of positivism is to focus on what we could examine and evaluate, everything that goes outside of this scope is considered as impossible. besides Silverman (1998) stated that in that respect is no agreed doctrine underlying all qualitative social research. Ethnographers do not have certain rule to perform their digest, while positivists ascertain certain set of rules during analysis (Avis, 2003).Date collection is general aspect of qualitative research mostly in form of words and statements, and the method of analysis they use do not involve statistics or empirical analysis (Cepeda Martine, 2005).In above paragraph I was giving the example of research made by Herbert (2000) who went to analyze policemens job. He was saying that case of suicide terrified him so much that his emotions affected his conclusion about his research. In case of positivism this is not acceptable positivism states that this is only on e truth (Somers, 1998). In case of positivism there cannot be to different interpretation of same results.Moreover, if pay attention on the speed of research performance, positivists would say that ethnography is not efficient methodology. In order to get information ethnographer has to go inside of the company and spend ten, like in case of (Burawoy, 1979), or more month in order to obtain observations from a group of people. Whereas, positivists could obtain information of the whole company roughly in same period of time. Positivism covers bigger sample size rather than ethnography (Amaratunga, Baldry, Sarshar, Newton, 2002).Grounded theoryOriginally, grounded theory was introduced by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967 (Strauss Corbin, 1998).Grounded theory was developed by leaning on the experience which they had in one of the Chicago school and also by taking into account the disapproval they developed their own strategy of data analysis (Glaser Strauss, 1967). Design of the research frequently relies on the reviewing literature which leads to formation of hypothesis. After this, hypothesis would be tested in the real world. Whereas grounded theory examines the realities and analyses the data without any hypothesis (Glaser Strauss, 1967). In the qualitative research the analysis of data can be described otherwise as the result of an interpretivist point of view on a certain event or action. In grounded theory the analysis of data includes searching for concepts which are behind the reality, by searching for codes, concepts and categories. Creation of the grounded theory passes three stages induction, deduction and verification (Strauss, 1987), each of them are absolutely important to formation of the new theory. Also it is important to notice that all three stages, according to Strauss, will be involved in research not consistently, and to some extent are present at each stage of research.To make the construction of theory more systematized, G lazer and Strauss offer several necessary strategies of the analysis in qualitative research. Firstly, uninflected process must alternate with process of gathering information or even to go in parallel with it. Secondly, observance of this principle allows to create speculative sampling in the process of research, purpose of which, is to represent not the investigated group of people (object of research), but the aspects, properties of characteristic or quality of the investigated phenomenon (subject of research). Theoretical sample is a process of data gathering for theory generating by doer of which the analyst collects, unites, codes, analyzes the data and decide, what of them to collect at a following stage and where to search for them to develop the theory in process of occurrence. This process of data gathering is supervised by the appearing theory (Glaser Strauss, 1967). Thirdly, to make a continuous comparative analysis, this could be used at different stages of analytic al process. Defining the place of the comparative analysis, in the developed methodological field, authors place it between two basic strategies, the approaches of the analysis. The first approach is the content-analysis at first the cryptography model must be set, and then data must be gathered regularly, estimated and analyzed on in advance certain, invariable and uniform scales for all of them which allow to give to the qualitative data, quantitative form. On the basis of the new structured data file by means of numerical model are proved preliminary put forward hypotheses (are accepted or denied). Glazer and Strauss connect second approach with a situation when it is necessary to develop some preliminary ideas or hypotheses. In this case operation of detailed coding can slow down the feat of the objective, therefore the analyst only looks through the data for a finding of new properties of theoretical categories and writes memos about these properties (Glaser Strauss, 1967). Such approach describes more likely an sign stage of coding and for theory construction is insufficient, as constant transformation and reintegration of the data in process of accumulation and the material review in the last mentioned case is required. And the third corresponds to this problem, offered by authors, the approach. It connects in analytical procedures of constant comparison procedure of the developed coding the first and style of development of the theory of the second. The purpose of a method of constant comparison in which coding and the analysis, theory generating are united more regularly, than is supposed in the second approach, by means of use of the developed coding and analytical procedures. Being more systematized, than the second approach, a method of constant comparisons at the same time is not affiliated and with the first which is developed for preliminary testing, instead of theory opening.Grounded theory from positivists perspective.In my opinion from positivism point of view grounded theory is not quite correct decision for theory deducing. Strauss mentioned that in some cases it is better to start the research with an initial hypothesis which can be changed or evaluate during the research (Glaser Strauss, 1967). In this case I think that the initial idea can be lost which has been introduced originally in the research. Whereas from the positivists point of view the theory or hypothesis must be suggested and only then it must be tested, without changing its initially idea (Trochim, 2006). The result of this test should confirm or deny this theory or hypothesis. Use of grounded theory is useful in area as medicine many researchers use the given approach for research of this area. For instance grounded theory was used in order to understand how Medical Family Therapy helps patients to deal with complex family dynamics that usually happens after hospitalization, also the therapy was directed to help people to keep down next hospi talization (Anderson, Huff, Hodgson, 2008). In addition, as it was mentioned by (Trochim, 2006) positivist seeking to find one single truth, whereas one of the parts of the grounded theory research is coding the possible answers of participant, this is a certain type of interpretation due to the fact that every single researcher codes information in a unique government agency which is not acceptable by positivist researcher (Allan, 2003).Similarities and Differences of Grounded Theory and Ethnography.Grounded theory and ethnography can be very compatible as ethnographic studies may give the wide explanation which can be extremely valuable data, for grounded theory analysis (Glaser Strauss, 1967). Some of these compatibilities came from the similarities in the characteristics of these two approaches. Ethnography is observing and analyzing behavior in natural conditions and the grounded theory makes collecting of data in the natural conditions too. Also there are similarities in b ackgrounds, both grounded theory and ethnography came from sociology, but in addition to ethnography it has also anthropological background. The main focus of this approaches are different where grounded theory stands for developing the theory whereas ethnography describing and interpreting a culture. In data collection both approaches gather information through different kinds of interviews, but ethnography moved beyond using observations of other (Creswell, 2006). expiryIn this coursework I talk about two qualitative approaches ethnography and grounded theory. These two approaches are used in many areas of our life. They help us to unblock some undiscovered phenomenas that we face. They both have similarities and differences which makes them unique in certain areas. As it was mentions above ethnography focuses on describing and interpretation of culture of the certain group of people. Whereas, grounded theory is used to grounding the theory in the view of people (Creswell, 2006). I looked on these two qualitative approaches from the perspective of positivist. I found that mostly positivism do not support both of them. In my opinion both of this approaches are time consuming in discovering certain hypothesis or theory. Also, as it was mentioned above positivists are seeking for single truth, whereas in both qualitative approaches, grounded theory and ethnography, could be found multiple truths depending on research emotions, feelings and understandings. In addition, I mentioned that one more criteria that is used by positivists comparing to grounded theory and ethnography which is statistical or empirical data analysis. Only because both qualitative approaches use mostly words and statements positivists could reject such evidence.

Ethics In Computer Science Computer Science Essay

Ethics In Computer Science Computer Science EssayInformation engineering has revolutionized most aspects of our life. Information has altered importantly areas such as entertainment, commerce, medicine and employment. Information is affecting both positively and negatively our daily lives. Information and communication technology (ICT) has transformed our relationships, family and community lives, careers and education, liberty and democracy. Issues around ethics deal with concepts such as what is good or evil, the issues that are right or wrong and virtue or vices. Ethics or moral philosophy investigates concepts of good and evil behavior. Philosophers group ethical issues in three major areas. Metaethics, normative ethics and applied ethics. Metaethics analyzes the genesis of ethics. It questions where ethical set come from. Normative ethics deals with the tasks that regulate right and wrong conduct. It articulates good behavior and investigates consequences of our conduct towar ds separates. Finally, applied ethics analyses controversial issues like animal rights, homosexualism and abortion.Ethics in computer science is in the broadest sense revolves around computing professionals and the decisions they make especially on professional and social front. Computer and education ethics investigates ethical and social effects of ICT. Ethical decisions that one makes revolves around the individuals personalised order, code of conduct in the context of a work set up and how exposed one is especially on the code of ethics. Computer ethics thus forms a branch of practical philosophy that explains the manner in which professionals in computing need to make decisions concerning their profession and social conduct (ACM Council Par. 5). Ethical issues identification and there definitions, has been for the longest time causing much trouble. There are various problems solving method used in issues related to computer ethics. The most common one follow a procedure, which begins with stating the ethical problems, followed by facts checking, and then a list of options generated by reservation considerations concerning important factors that are in one way, or the new(prenominal) connected to the problem.The Association for computing machinery (ACM) and the members of IEEE has recognized the logical implication of technology in life quality impact worldwide. As an effect, they pick up taken into consideration to obligate their members and the committee as a whole to rule ethics and professional conducts as stipulated. The ACM code of ethics and professional conduct proposes a set of guidelines as a basis for making ethical decisions. The code serves as a foundation for judging the advantages of formal complains that concern the violation of professional standards of being ethical.ICT Contributes to society and human social welfare. Communication not only improves the puff up-being of the society but human race as a whole. Each person has fundamental human rights protection that needs to consideration. In addition, there should be respect for all the diverse culture that we have. Computing professional should work towards reduction of negative consequences resulting from computing governing bodys. These range from threats to wellness to negative social issues. During carcass design or implementation, computing professionals should ensure that their products are socially responsible and meets the required social standards. They should not result to any kind of harm to the health and welfare of individuals. Computer professionals should thus make decisions with the public welfare in mind and always disclose factors that might threaten the environment as a whole.They should also prevent harm at all costs. These should include prevention of negative impact, like loss of information, loss or damage of halalty as well as any undesired environmental. The computing professionals should take caution from taking part in any practice that will cause harm. These pernicious practices are like intentional destruction, file modifications, modification of programs that might lead to serious loss of useful resourcefulnesss thus causing unnecessary expenditure of other resources like time.On the other hand, there are practices that might accidentally lead to harm. In such a condition, the people responsible should undo or mitigate the side effect as much as they can. For the harm prevention, the computing professionals need to minimize malfunctions by following accepted standards for designing lynchpin testing systems. Under the working environment, the professionals should report any danger on the system that might end up resulting to fatal or minor accident. If the organizations superiors do not take any action concerning the matter, it is much significant to blow the whistle for the problem correction. Reporting of violations can be much harmful in it self. Before making anyone can report on any matter, all necessary aspects of the matter need assessing thoroughly. The assessment of risks and the responsibility has to be credible. Trustworthiness and truth the essential component of trust is honesty (IEEE Board of Directors, Par. 3). When an organization lacks honesty, there is no effective functioning. Computing professionals should be honest, as they are not speculate to make any deliberate false or claims that are deceptive concerning system design or system as a whole. Nevertheless, they should provide undecomposed disclosure of all limitations and problems facing a particular of pertinent system. It is the responsibility of computer professionals to be honest about their qualifications.They should offer any condition that may lead to conflict of interest. In other terms, the professional have to be honesty and much realistic when stating claims based on the info they do have. verity helps them avoid perceived conflicts of interests whenever possible, as well as making t hem disclosed to those parties affected, they should also reject all forms of bribery. This will help in seeking, accepting and go criticisms of technical work, making acknowledgements as well as crediting others contributions clearly. Stating correct qualifications will function in the maintaining technical competence.Being a volunteer member in some of the organizations like ACM and IEEE can also cause more confusion especially if such an individual makes indisputable statements or acts in a certain way. Such statements or acts can have more weight than necessary. Members of ACM and IEEE therefore should exercise caution. This will ensure that they are not interpretated wrongly. Fair Actions and Decisions, Equity, tolerance, respect among other virtues and other principles that leads to equal justice.These values should govern the computing professionals. Sexual, racial, religion, age discrimination among other distinctions, is an open violation of ACM and IEEE policies. Inequa lities among different groups of individuals might be because of misuse of technology and information. In a fair community, all individuals needs to be treated equally because all have equal chances of participating or benefiting from the computer resource usage, regardless of their dividing factors like age or sex. On the other hand, this principle does not approve the use of unauthorized computer resources nor do they allow teeming foundation for the violation any other ethical principle of these codes.Property Rights as a Patents Need to be honored. Violation of patents, trade secrets, copyrights as well as agreed terms of license, should be prohibited. Even using the unprotected software is a violation that is against professional behaviors. Software copies should be created if and only if proper authorization procedure had been followed. Respect other persons loneliness and confidentiality communication and computing technology helps during collection and exchange of peoples information on a scale that is singular in the civilization history. As effect, there are high chances that might lead to the violation of individual and groups privacy. The professional has been obligated to maintain privacy and data integrity that describes an individual.This involves taking precautions that ensures that data accuracy as well as its protection from unauthorized access, accidental disclosure to unintended people is minimized. In addition, procedures have to be installed to give room to individuals receive their records and make corrections appropriately. The principle imply that, only part of individuals information be collected in a system. Therefore, the retention and the periods of disposal for the information need to be defined and indicated clearly. Information that belongs to someone should not be used be used for other unvoiced purposes, without the owners consent.This should apply especially on electronic mail. Monitoring electronic data without permissio n from the owner of the massage is unacceptable. Information observed during system maintenance should be handled with a lot of confidentiality. If for any reason, the content or nature of that information has to be disclosed, the proper authorities should be provided with such information. The principle of honest is broad. It includes privacy and confidentiality of all information. This applies whenever an individual has made an explicit promise of honoring confidentiality.Finally, computer professionals should understand the needs of users of computer systems. Users should clearly spell out their needs to assist during assessment and when designing the systems. The systems also need validation in order to be sure that they meet the required standards. The needs of current and potential system user whose lives are affected directly must be incorporated when developing the systems. In order for these systems to be validated, they should comply with this requirement. Implementation o f policies that protect the personal dignity and privacy of users should be enhanced. Information regarding principles and limitations of computer systems should be availed for users. Courses that enable them to familiarize with consequences and limitations of the systems should be developed. Education is essential in making the users participate and to making them aware of the dangers of the computing systems.

Marketing orientation and its importance in planning

Marketing orientation and its importance in planningHarris (2002, p. 247) Defines Marketing Orientation as The extent to which an g everywherening body is perceived to act in a coordinated, customer and competitor-oriented fashion. Narver and Slaters (1990) likewise confirm at that place atomic number 18 three dimensions of Marketing Orientation, customer orientation, competitor orientation, and interfunctional coordination.With commercialiseing orientation, a pedigree revolves its strategic decisions around the wants and necessitate of the tar rifle market, including potential customers. A browse that is marketing-orientated has the commitment to valuing customers and the customers needs. In fact, it fag even contribute to the transformation of a companys business culture.This marketing concept involves three essential steps in being customer-focused. First, the wants and needs of the customers are researched and identified. Then, the research outputs are studied by the ma rketers and bare-ass mathematical harvest-feasts are created based on the consumer needs. Fin whollyy, customer satisfaction is aimed after public aware(predicate)ness and introduction of the product is made.A marketing-orientated business is characterised by various attributes. The company makes good and extensive use of marketing research, develops bare-assed and broad products, highlights product value and benefits, uses product innovation methods, and designs supplementary services or customer benefits such(prenominal) as delivery, installation, warranty, and credit availability. All these are geared toward customer advantage.Marketing orientation has three common alternatives which cease be adopted by a company and these are sales orientation, product orientation, and toil orientation.Looking at Renaults orientation, the final result that we construct made is that Renault is a market orientated organisation. The reason for this conclusion is Renault is very focused on the needs and wants for the consumer. They shake polar types of machines focusing on different markets for their customer base. For exercising, Clio which is marketed at young adults who may have a low budget for purchasing the car. On the other side of the spectrum where the Laguna or Megane could be classed as a high specification family car.Also Renault has numerous of these cars in a range of sports precedents. Due to the nature of the business which Renault is involved in they have had to diverse the range of car object lessons which they sell due to its competitors. For guinea pig Ford and Vauxhall.A nonher good example is Renault are in the process of developing hybrid cars and electric car cars at bottom its car range. According to Renault (2011) the first electric car will be sold in Israel in 2011 and then in other countries. The reason for this has come from customer demand, consumers are much aware of rises in fuel damages and carbon emissions. This would be a classic example how Renault is a market orientated company.In terms of RD Renault listen to their consumers as different customers have different types of criteria when purchasing a car. Mack (1996) states That to reinforce customer loyalty they involve existing customer in the design of its cars. According to Renault (2011) Renault- Nissan coalition spend 4 billion Euros on the investment on electric parts. Many Eastern European countries would have a different specification of a car compared to someone in the UK. For example countries such as Bulgaria and Romania need cars that cater for larger families.Also some countries may not require a car which has a soft top due to climate conditions being different in semblance to a sylvan where the weather is hot. Countries where the weather is always warm may require cars to have air conditioning. The Renault car called Dacia Logan has created in 2004, this particular type of car was designed for people in developing countries o f the humanity. The car was first sold in Romania at a very cheap bell of 5000 Euros and then moved into South America and India after proving a winner when the car was first launched. Demo interpretics would play a major role in the RD aspect of the business so Renault would know where and how to market their final end product.Boddy (2008) defines chap synopsis as A technique for indentifying and listing the political, economic, social, technological, surround and legal factors.Political FactorsThe political factors in any country are largely prudent to alter a business environment as company may decide to change its business strategy based on the political scenario of the function it is based in. The government of any country regulates power supply, telecom and postal services and finance.The following are the political factors that affect Renault within the UK.Current gross policyAccording to the Trade and Investment minister Digby Jones the UK is becoming least attractiv e to work and invest due to the taxation policy, which was under blackjack from resistor to tax rich foreign investors doing business in the UK. and then the labour party proposed a cut on taxing investors who are non-UK domiciled.Also a worth mention is VAT which means value added tax. It is charged on most goods and services that are VAT registered.The recent recession has affected a lot of businesses most Coperni burn downly the car manufacturing in the UK, it can be seen as going through a bad phase for the automobile industry. Thus UK motor agency served a budget to the current Government in the UK and urged it to create a right mix of policies to sustain harvest-feast in the segment.Renault firm to follow the following measures to counter any future threats in regards to financial aspect of the like by the following measuresContinue to put pressure on banks to give more loansSupport automotive councilFreeze fuel dutyFollowing the Kyoto protocol, more political pressure has been imposed to the polluting industries. Regarding the car market, Governments across the world have established some environmental penalties and bonuses to manufacturers and consumers.For customers, they need to pay a tax to the government according to the level of CO2 emissions.This can have a massive influence for buyers, especially with sports car and ones with large engines which are regarded as the most polluting.Economic factorsOsbourn (2011) mentions Chancellor of Exchequer made a budget narration which is meant to reform the nations economy and this time the budget is neutral and alike becomes the best place in Europe to invest, which is a good sign for car manufacturers as certain taxes applicable have been cut and import duty has been significantly reduced, which is a sign of relief for car manufacturers.Godlevskaja et al (2011) states Many OEMs are expanding their model lines to entice new customers and increase overall customer base range. Often at their compet itors expense. At the same time growth increase is limited within the auto mobility industry as a whole. in the EU new car demand fell 7.8 per cent to 14.7 one thousand thousand units in 2008 that reflects consumer concerns about the economy the buying power from consumers this could have been crush toward the recession, despite this Renault would continuously market themselves to its potential consumers. Having customer awareness makes people want to purchase their vehicles with newer models being introduced.sociological FactorsThese factors constitute various social factors such as cultural aspects, demographics, lifestyles and attitudes. For e.g. Whatever works in one country may not be prospering in other, Renault may sell racing cars in France but for a market like India it needs to launch small cars as in this country small cars are much in demand due to the infrastructure of the company and population size.DemographicsRenault is the third largest car manufacturer in the wo rld with its charge across Europe, Asia and even Africa thus it needs to proactive rather than reactive in development in these countries. Its policy of developing strategic alliances with local manufacturers helps it to get an edge in the global scenario as locals know their home market better, they use a tried and tested marketing strategy of aiming the right market segment to see if it works sells. Such alliances apart from fostering industrial harmony also helps in sharing of technological aspects of each firm, and helps develop new products such as the concept of electrical cars to save fuel and protect the environment.Though Renault is a French company it has alliances across the Globe that helps it foster multicultural aspects. In which the sentiments of local population are not hurt as they continue using the same product such as in upshot of Romania and Korea. Where in Renault acquired Dacia and Samsung motors respectively. Such alliances also help it to launch existing vehicles from one region to the other, also known as market development from Ansoffs matrix. Alez-Aller et al (2010) states clear-sighted your customers needs and wants are vital to success to entry strategy within new regions. In depth analysis of macro and micro environment is key when consumers are looking to purchase vehicles.Technological FactorsAny company from any sector catering to any segment needs to change at some point, in order to grow and survive the growing competition from consumers and competitors. Godlevskaja et al (2011) states Firms moldiness constantly adjust their service portfolios because it is Copernican for companies to have a dynamic service portfolio that is adapted to various customer needs.Consequently companies that fail to do so lose in the long term as the international world is very emulous and brutal to securing a position in the market. Companies world vast spend millions of money just to make sure that they do not lag behind if they lack the technical expertises. Renault (2011) quotes directly from its website Renault is committed to the development and implementation of new technologies into every aspect of our vehicles. Renaults engineers cover every angle roadholding, safety, comfort, soundproofing, etcetera in their relentless quest to make motoring a pleasurable experience. porters five forces analysis and criticismIn order to togtle a strategy, a company must analyse its industry. However the analysis of its competitor is not enough to understand all the aspects of the business. The types of businesses are various and numerous. notwithstanding in roughly all the industries, Michael E. Porter has identified a common structure composed by five global forces. These are to take into consideration in order to implement a successful strategy.1. The AnalysisFor our topic we will consider these five forces within the car industry adapted to the Renault keep company.Rivalry among existing competitors severe competit ionVery strong competitive rivalry in the cars sector, especially with the brands focusing on a particular market segment. E.g. Audi are becoming leaders on high standard quality cars, while TATA is undertaking the low cost cars segmentThe Asian manufacturers have a very strong growth thanks to their low cost cars and their quality car is very reliable. E.g. KIA and their 7 years warranty.The structure of the automotive industry is becoming more and more decent because of all the merges and the joint ventures, so the competition is strong and aggressive.The threat of new entrantsLow threatFew new brands entering on the market for these classical reasonsThe investment that has to be made is extremely important. Especially in the manufacture part of the activity, where the investment must be important if the brand wants to get a competitive advantageThe experiment and the know-how are essential elements to have its place on its market, in particular on management of the costs and th e competitiveness.The competitors already range are already well known brands. All these companies trend to be restructured into fewer big groups. These implicate that they are more powerful and do not let possibilities for any small new company to enter in the marketThe threat of substituteMild/ Relative ThreatEven if on that point are the other ways of transportation, the car remains indispensable nowadays. It is true that sometimes changing the transportation way can have some advantages as the cost (with the low cost airline carrier), the ethic of environment (with ecological way of transports such as trains or the buses) or time in important factor within lsrger cities (with the underground), none of the transport way offer a good mix of utility, convenience, independence, and value afforded by automobiles. outrightadays, the automotive companies have a wide range of product, which can satisfy every demand, in adapting their cars in satisfying every new need, that increases t he loyalty of the consumers to use cars.Bargaining power of the suppliersDependence Suppliers/ guestThe purpose is being to establish a profitable, reliable relation for both parts. But the parts suppliers are sometimes small manufactures so Renault has more pressure to put on its supplier in terms of priceHowever the image of Renault, as a reliable car company also depends on the quality of the car partsSuppliers are also important to Renault in terms of costs, according to Renault (2011) Suppliers account for 80% of total vehicle achievement costs. It is thusly essential for Renault to gain their commitment and to make them part of its approach to sustainable developmentBargaining power of the buyersStrong power of negotiationThe consumers are the target of communication campaigns and marketing actions because it is more and more tempted to try other brandsThe final product are standardised, customers can put the pressure on the different vendors insisting on the fact that an eq uivalent car can be find from another company for approximately the same priceThe negotiation can be in the price, but also on obtaining more options or services with same price. This affects the costs to organisations2. Criticism of the Porters analysisThe three new forcesThe Porter analysis remains one of the most influential marketing and strategy tool. However this analysis has been written by Porter during the 1980s, and the economic world has considerably changed during the come through decades. Especially due to the Internet and all the e-business that make evolved most of the industries.Larry Downes, co-author of Unleashing the Killer App Digital Strategies for Market Dominance relates in the article Beyond Porter that the Porters five forces analysis is no longer a complete tool to opt for a viable strategy.He describes new strategic frameworks composed by three new factors (forces), which permit to analysis the business area more relevantlyThe digitalisationDue to increas e power of information technology, new business models will be born from the market. This allowed the global awareness of the consumers on the global market. The competitors will now not only be part of the same industry. Now the tour operator Thomas Cook can be a competitor of Renault. These two companies will push their clients to use their money to buy their product when there are the same pricesAccording to Recklies (2008) The old economy used IT as a tool for implementing change. Today technology had become the most important driver for change.Therefore mindsets have changed for organisations and how they operate the final end product will require an element of technological advances for it to successful in modern ordering due to social factors.The GlobalisationThe globalisation of the market is nowadays something that a company cannot afford to ignore. The effects of the globalisation on businesses are betterment in the areas of distribution logistics and communication. The G lobal companies have to adapt their strategies in function of the global network. These strategies remain more complex than what Porter describe. Its not a question of price or quality for the customers, but trying to reach a type of loyal relationship with a network of partners and consumers.The deregulationOne of the big changes in the business from the Porters model is the taking into consideration of the intervention of the governments in the business and in the industries. Because of the action of the states (new laws, new quality requirements, new importation/exportation quotas) the industries and the organisations have to adapt their strategies, finding new alternatives to their business models.These factors became important but they rarely appear into the Porter analysis. So an important Company like Renault cannot focus on this tool to create a solid and successful strategy. The purpose of the five forces model is to define the attractiveness of an industry in relation with theses 5 forces. But according to Dagmar Recklies In economics, the constellation of factors determines issues like profit maximisation or supernormal profits. So we can conclude that the Porters five forces analysis is a strategy tool that can be used only knowing its limitations and among others tools to be the base of a correct strategy.PlaceJobber (2006) defines price as The agree value placed on the exchange by a buyer and seller. Price is one of the fixed key factors in the marketing mix and should be blended together with all element of the marketing mix, to create customer value. It can be argued then that price interlinks with the other elements of the marketing mix and must be met by supply and demand to achieve its best.Price in the marketing mix is very important to a business as it can determine if a company is successful or not when interchange the product, it can be perceived that price can reflect quality when selling to consumers. The price can affect the followin g areas so its pivotal to have the right pricing strategy to market the right product.Pricing Goals Marketing intermixture PricePrice can include the cost of production to an organisation and the strategy they use to market the product at a competitive price so consumers decide to use you, rather than your competitors. The price of a product can be sold at a cut-price to boost great deal of sales. This can be a strategy used by organisations to gain market share which can have its positives and negatives. Walker (2006) states Having low prices may be perceived by consumers as being low quality. Organisation may market themselves so they may be seen as obtain profits on a short term basis. This is where promotion can be interlinked to a pricing strategy. Organisations spend vast amounts on RD before setting prices on products. It can be argued that firms must price the product in a way which reflects the appropriate position of the product within the market.The balance for organisa tions is to maximise profits, but to have a consistent amount of sales. Marketers use this strategy as they maybe price orientated within the marketing mix. This is where product development would occur and knowing your target market well.Renault uses price within the marketing mix very well. Throughout its range of cars they have luxury cars including the Laguna all the way down to the Clio which is targeted on price with low maintenance costs. In terms of price to the Renault Clio it can be seen as being priced similar to its major competitors. Considering the Vauxhall Corsa, Ford spread and also Peugeot 206.The pricing strategy of the Renault Clio new ranges from around 9,000 to 19,000 plus. There are many factors that can influence the prices of just one particular type of car. For example engine size, motor sport version etc The Clio range has the sport 2000, Dymanique, Gordini and also Bizu. This shows that the product has been diversified to achieve maximum price when sellin g the product to consumers.Clio serialPriceSport 200016,000Dymanique11,000Gordini19,000Bizu9,000Walker (1996) shows that all other competitors i.e. Corsa and Fiesta are based around the same pricing strategy. This is because the car industry is large and production costs are not so important and creating the largest profit is not as necessary as it would be for a smaller organisation. The reason for Clio having the same pricing strategy as its competitors is because it is the only model in Renault range to predominately focus on lower cost with low quality from launch. Therefore it needs to be competitive with its rivals. The Clio model has done this very well as new models for the Clio are designed every few years. The Clio has been on the market for over 15 years proving its successfulness to its consumers who are aware of other markets available to them.The following is a perceptual map of small commercial cars sold and its comparison with the Renault Clio. It can be seen that t he Clio and Corsa can be placed in the same category as each other, as both focus on price mainly. Other small cars including Audi and BMW focus on both high quality and price as the reputation they have is that its a long term investment. The Skoda Fabia is a low priced car because of the reputation it held from its unreliable past, but its reputation has slow been built back up. spicy Quality*BMW 1 SeriesAudi A4**Skoda FabiaLow Price High PriceVauxhall*Corsa*Renault ClioLow QualityRelationships can be built up between the consumer and the seller. Mack (1996) states that Renault try and use this strategy as much as possible when selling cars. But why do this? They do this to make the consumer feel they are receiving a personalised service. Some dealerships offer free give as an indirect way of making customers by their product too its competitors. Walker (1998) also says This has been a vital part of our strategy in part to persuade customers that we can meet their needs especia lly targeting smaller cars. However it can be argued this strategy possibly may not work in modern society. As many people are aware the automotive industry is very competitive, it is becoming quickly cost orientated in specially markets, indirect costs such as fuel, insurance and tax.Trade-off analysis could be applied to the Renault Clio. Jobber (2006) says Features such as speed, petrol consumption, brand and price are placed in front of consumers and asked which combinations they prefer. While the Clio Mk 3 was being designed it would have consulted potential buyers, they would have used rd for this because the car was designed to be low cost and wanted as many luxury as possible while concentrating on its consequence competence its price.However this analysis can have its limitations. When rd is taking place respondents may ask for a lot of things but all these additions may not be feasible. When asked to purchase the car consumers may not be willing to exchange money.Product Jobber (2006) defines product as A good service offered or performed by and organisation or individual, which is capable of satisfying customer needs.To have an effective product that consumers desire, it needs to be prices fairly and requires a Unique Selling Proposition. (USP) Walker et al (1998) states there are four elements which creates a well balanced and successful marketing mix. These includedMatching customer needsNeed for balanceCreates a competitive advantageMatches corporate resourcesThe product Renault Clio has historically been targeted at the younger aged population who maybe on a budget. The product is a smaller model compared to other ranges in Renault yet also delivering the majority of luxury that other models offer. Including air-conditioning, climate control, Bluetooth and satellite navigation, this makes Clio very positive when it advertises the model to its consumers. The Clio then however meets the criteria set to have an effective marketing mix.Jobber (2006 ) states that Product development is important. As technology and tastes change, products become out of date and inferior to those of the competition, so companies must supersede them with features that customers value. The fundamental feature of the new Clio model is the tom-tom feature. Renault and tom-tom have had to come to an agreement to include the satellite navigation to integrate this within the models. This has minded(p) Clio a competitive advantage over external competitors. Having a competitive advantage enables them to charge a premium price.However in few cases charging a premium price for products can have its down fall. Many consumers may not be willing to pay extra for products that may not be essential, consequently consumers will move to Clios competitors such as the 206 and Corsa. The balance is conducted by market research to see what consumers want, referring back to trade off analysis.According to Renault (2011) Clio is its most successful range of car acros s Europe. This is because the product caters for a broad range of markets. The reason for can be considered when looking at the anatomy of the Clio. The core product (I) would be the car itself and the way it is strategically priced, as being a low value priced car compared to its other cars within its range. The second social class would be products that add value to the overall product. Making it match customer needs and creating a competitive advantage. This could be as mentioned above, tom-tom, Bluetooth, keyless entry system, pose assist sensors and warranties. The outer layer includes extras which maybe indirectly related to the car including after sale support and credit sale. Many augmenting features are closely related to establishing a successful relationship between buyer and seller.ImageAnatomy of a product modelA product life cycle (PLC) can determine where the product lies within its life. Many organisation use different strategies to pro-long the life of its product . When a product reaches maximum maturity and seess signs its declining it then considers using Product/Market Ansoff matrix. This involves 4 different strategies that can be usedProduct developmentDiversificationMarket penetrationMarket developmentThe reason for this is to maximise profits for Clio. Renault Clio mainly uses product development to change its model throughout years so customers have the opinion of upgrading and keeping up with trends rather than going to competitors.When the Clio was first launched it plain begins in the introduction phase of the PLC and is strategically priced high. Jobber (2006) states that the Strategic marketing objective is to build sales by expanding the market for the product.The growth stage is contiguous to follow, there is increase of sales and profit growth. The reason for this is due to increase in promotion by creating awareness. Renault Clio use TV advertising predominately to penetrate the market. They also have their own Renault TV c hannel.The maturity stage is where the product sales are at its peak whilst time is increasing. This is where the organisation may offer discounts or extra such as warranties. This is also the stage where product improvements occur at the peak of the maturity stage. The reasons for this includeMaintain competitive advantage forthcoming growthFirst move advantageThe decline stage is the final process of the PLC, the reason for this according to Walker (1998) is due to technological superior substitutes and also consumers change in preferences due to competition.The Renault Clio was an innovation that Renault developed due to competition from its competitors. According to Bloomberg Businessweek (2006) Renault was at number 49. Its competitors did not even reach the top carbon of innovated companies. Other automotive companies included within the list lower than number 49, Nissan and Volvo. This information could now be argued because companies such as Ford, Volkswagen and Toyota are much more innovated in 2010 as they have developed cars whilst considering external factors such as the environmental factors. (Development of the Hybrid car)Distribution Mix MarketingThe distribution policy includes all decisions and actions that can be related to the delivery of our product to the customer.There are two different ways of distribution existing for Renaults company.Business to Business (B to B) = Company Retailer ConsumerBusiness to Consumer (B to C) = Company Consumer engine roomRenault is one of the biggest car industries worldwide. It is present through the world in around 201 countries, including Europe, North, Central and South America, Africa, Asia and Oceania.An international engineering science closer to the markets.The Techno Center (France)EngineeringThe Renault Group is deployed globally. It revolves around two componentsEngineering Central, the heart of the system and regional engineering spread over Renaults strategic markets.Engineering centersThe Tec hno Center (France), the heart of the engineering worldRenault Technologies AmericasRenault Technologies RomaniaRenault Technologies SpainRenault Samsun Technical CenterThis organisation is based on a standardised process of engineering at Renault valet of unified technical standards, defining key functions and technical harmonisation of policies.A well-developed network of design centersRenault Design America Latina in Sao PauloThe group relies on a parallel network of five satellites design centers.Observatories real trends these emerging centers of vehicles for new markets.They are involved from the launch of a new project through to the production of the final concept car.The design centers areRenault Design ParisRenault Design Central EuropeRenault Design America LatinaRenault Samsung DesignRenault Design IndiaTwo objectives areWarranty the best customer satisfaction all around the worldProduce close to the marketsRenaults industry realises two type of sell Either to the custo mers or to companies.But, all confounded, Renault has realised for the Year 2010 reporting record sales volumes with 2.6 million vehicles sold. Thanks to its positioning, essentially outside Europe, in the emerging countries, Renault has bounded its sales. Heres a graph which represents the market where Renault is present in 2010It is important to understand that the Clio is one of the best vehicles brand for Renault.In about 20 years, it has won more than 10 million customers around the world (100 countries). This success is thanks to a styling, comfort, safety, versatility and different equipment package worthy of cars from the next segment up.Renault February 2011 sales in Europe regionIn February 2011, by

Educational Goals and Philosophy :: Teaching Education Philosophy

Educational Goals and Philosophy Deciding on a career is a very difficult decision for anyone to make, especially for someone honest coming out of high school. I always knew that I precious to work with children, but I didnt know what field I wanted to be in. After estimateing about what field I could be in that I could work with children the most, I decided to become a t separatelyer. I make always had a great deal of complaisance for most of the teachers Ive had and hopefully I result be able to gain that respect from my students. I believe that if you are going to teach, you have to have some degree of love for children. Once any teacher has lost that, I think it is time for them to stop teaching. The two most important things that have inspired me to become a teacher are being able to work with young children all the time and the personal rewards that come with teaching. My biggest goal as a teacher is to make a child want to learn. I belie ve children in general do want to learn and it is our job as teachers to give them a chance to do that. I think in order for a child to want to learn, we have to make education fun and interesting. I believe that by relating the students every day lives to the material they are learning will help accomplish this. Knowing that I have taught a child something, have made a child want to learn or have made a difference in a childs life would be the most rewarding feeling in the world. As a teacher one of the main strategies that I want to incorporate into my classroom is cooperative learning. Cooperative learning gives the students a chance to get to know each other better, to work together on things, and to depend on one another to get things done. Another reason I prefer this type of learning is that instead of one individual person failing or succeeding, it is the group as a whole (sink or swim together).

An Analysis of the Detective Genre Essay -- English Literature

An Analysis of the Detective GenreSherlock Holmes, is a fictional yet convincing character created bySir Arthur Conan Doyle. With plots bizarre, singular and tantalising,Doyle has created of one of our most popular genres.The whizzes in the detective genre often display the best of humanqualities, and atomic number 18 aware of the idolised social occasion they come been placed inby their closest companions. In the adventure of The Speckled Band thehero, Sherlock Holmes, reveals his concern for his clients andcomforts the victim by ratting her, You must not fear. Thisallows, the reader to understand the distinction between the emotionaland professional side of his occupation. During the same conversationHolmes phrases such as , I am all attention indicate hisconscientiousness and professionalism. His powers of observation areable to pinpoint a minor flaw in appearance to which others areoblivious, all comprehensive glances and I observe the second halfof a ticket. Holmes conveys h is equanimity, when threatened hisreaction is to chuckle heartily and only is insulted when he isassociated with the, semiofficial force. In doing so he warns hisopponent that intimidation is not enough to put him off. Sir ArthurConan Doyle has created not only an idol but a hero respected by thosewho know him best for his wit, his methods and his amiable character.Heroes in the modern day version of the genre come from manybackgrounds and cultures. This new variety contrasts the square-toedstereotype of a strong and witty character such as Sherlock Holmes. InThe Devils Foot and The Man with the Twisted Lip the hero, Holmes isagain pictured as both judge and jury. Holmes is, without restuntil a clear picture of... ... in the modern detective genre is a major contrast to in the beginningdetective fiction and has improved the view of women to which otherstake. The new role of women can be proven in the TV series, Randalland Hopkirk Deceased as one of the detectives, jinni is a wom an.Although it has taken a hundred years, time has successfully alteredthe role of women.Whilst comparing modern detective fiction with the works of Sir ArthurConan Doyle I flummox learnt that time has transformed from theprescriptive possibilities for ingredients essential of a detectivegenre. Such ingredients have been altered by a change in societyopinions on various matters from the discrimination of gender tostereotyping characters. From observing fiction such as comic ordramatic I have found that the techniques and plans originate fromHolmes himself have nevertheless stayed the same.