Agriculture Education

IDA/700-PAK-10 Assignment Report Agricultural Education FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY: NOT FOR GENERAL DISTRIBUTION PAKISTAN Horticulture and Vegetable Production at the Sind Agricultural University, Tandojam by Mohamed A. S. Sakr UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION (Unesco) Paris, 1982 Serial No. FMR/ED/OPS/82/23KIDA) IDA/700-PAK-10 Assignment Report (Sakr) FMR/ED/OPS/82/231 (IDA) Paris, 22 June 1982 CONTENTS PARAGRAPHS INTRODUCTION ( 1 †2) AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION: UNIVERSITY PROVISION AND NEEDS ( 3 †14) Faculties 3-Central Facilities: 5-8 (1) (2) (3) Central Library Laboratories Water and Electricity (4) 5 6 7 S University Farm 9 Faculty of Agriculture 9 Staffing 10 †14 Department of Horticulture 10 (1) (2) (3) Staffing Buildings Equipment 11 †13 14 (15 †36) ACTIVITIES OF HORTICULTURAL DEPARTMENT AND ADVISER 16 †20 Undergraduate Curricula 21 Postgraduate Curricula 22 †29 Vegetable Crops (1) (2) (3) goals and Methods Growing tec hniques Seed creation (4) Results 22 †23 24 †27 28 29 30 †32 Student Training:- useful work and talks 3 †34 Staff Training Research 35 †I. Presentation 1. This report covers the exercises of the Adviser in Horticulture and Vega,table Production from 14 March 1981 to 13 March 1982, inside the structure of Credit Agreement No. 678, marked on 18 February 1977 between the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the International Development Association as gave by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) under sub-agreement to Unesco. 2. His capacities were characterized as follows:Under the bearing of theVice-chancellor of the University and the Director of the Third Education Project in Pakistan, the Adviser, other than performing such different obligations inside his fitness as may be relegated him, would help the University's Faculty of Agriculture to: a) b) Develop educational programs and showing strategies for courses in cultivation ; c) Prep are seminars on physiological highlights influencing the development of green harvests, including day-length, water-stress, soil and air temperatures, manure use and take-up, and so on ; d) Encourage the turn of events and utilization of creative techniques for showing agriculture; e)Identify plant species which could be utilized locally for seed creation; f) I. Start and improve research strategies in vegetable creation; Prepare, inside the Adviser's field of fitness, specialized archives (manuals, rules, handouts, and so forth ) to be put at the removal of the Faculty of Agriculture. Farming EDUCATION: UNIVERSITY PROVISION AND NEEDS Faculties 3. The Sind Agricultural University, which created from the Agricultural College previously settled at Sakrand in 1939, had in 1982, an enrolment of 1,700 understudies and exactly 200 school personnel (excluding Research Institute s taff).It has a Division of Basic Sciences, three Faculties †Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Veterinary S cience, and Agricultural Engineering †and a Directorate of Advanced Studies. 4. The biggest personnel is that of Agriculture, with 1,252 students and 174 postgraduate understudies and 88 school personnel in 1982. It has eleven divisions: agronomy, herbal science and plant rearing, agrarian augmentation and short courses, farming science, rural financial aspects, entomology, agriculture, plant security, plant pathology, insights and English. - 2-Central Facilities (1) Central Library; 5. The Adviser thought about that the Central Library, which serves the entire University, had lacking supplies of ongoing reference books and periodicals, that its utilization could be expanded if its long periods of activity were reached out from 7. 30 a. m. to 7. 30 p. m. , and that ordering and rack stockpiling of books and different materials ought to be improved. (2) Laboratories : 6. A Central Laboratory, the Adviser suggested, ought to be set up for cutting edge examines, reasonably furnish ed and set up with prepared technicians.There was a requirement for a focal assistance to keep up and fix lab gear and mechanical assembly. He saw various things as unavailable which could without much of a stretch have been fixed. Lab partners were required for legitimate lab upkeep and activity, and each division ought to approach labs reasonable for useful work by understudies, for shows and for examination and experimentation by showing staff and postgraduate understudies. (3) Water and Electricity: 7. The water pressure was lacking in many research centers, to the disadvantage of handy work and test projects.Intermittent electrical breakdowns meddled with the lead of lab tests which required upkeep of a specific temperature, mugginess and lighting. Wiring in certain labs was deficient. Voltage variances ought to be balanced out by voltage controllers where delicate contraption was utilized. A crisis power, gracefully ought to be accessible. (4) college Farm: 8. The significance of functional preparing ought to be reflected by the advancement of a college ranch sufficiently enormous to serve every one of the three faculties.A board, headed by the Vice-chancellor, ought to be liable for the arranging and control of the homestead, with a ranch director accountable for its exercises. The ranch would be utilized fundamentally for preparing understudies and for exploratory examinations, while creation of field yields, foods grown from the ground, along with apiculture and fish-cultivating, could bolster research exercises. Personnel of Agriculture Staffing: 9. With 88 school personnel for 1,426 understudies, the understudy educator proportion in the Faculty of Agriculture is 1:16.This makes it hard for instructors to instruct, administer functional preparing and examination errands and manage understudies. The Adviser thought about that the teacher:student proportion ought to be 1:10. - 3-Department of Horticulture (1) Staffing 10. The Horticultural Department of the Faculty of Agriculture gives undergrad and graduate courses in three principle fields: pomology, olericulture and fancy cultivation. The school personnel of eight (an educator, one partner teacher, four aide educators and two speakers) ought to be multiplied by the expansion of two partners, two right hand educators and four lecturers.A research facility specialist and three colleagues, a field aide for the vegetable nursery and a tractor driver (should the Department get a nursery tractor) ought to likewise b e gave. For the occasion, the University ought to give at any rate a research center specialist and a field colleague. (2) Buildings (a) Laboratories : 11. The Department has two research facilities, one about 30* x 15†² and the other 60†² x 3 0†², the last having two store rooms. Taking into account that this space was insufficient for undergrad handy work, the Adviser-suggested the arrangement of two additional labs of 4 0†² x 25 ‘ . b) 12. P lant Structures: The Adviser suggested arrangement of: (I) a slat place of 4 0 x 8 0 ‘ for proliferation and to give legitimate shade to seedlings and elaborate shade plants; (ii) a nursery for tropical foliage plants? (iii) a development chamber for research on natural effect on the development and yield of plant plants. On the off chance that an imported development chamber can't b e got, an option would b e a nursery with dampness, light and temperature controls. (c) Post-gather Structures: 1 3. A structure is required for getting ready foods grown from the ground for promoting and torage, de-greening and natural product relieving loads, cold stockpiling, and safeguarding of leafy foods. (3) Equipment 1 4. The research facility hardware is sufficient, however a few things needed fix. Field apparatus, for both nursery and homestead, is given by the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering. Notwithstanding, the Adviser considered it would be worthwhile for the Department to have a 60 hp garden tractor, with trolly and - 4-different frill, furrow, cultivator, rotivator, leveler, pit-digger, driller, power sprayer, etc.This would spare time currently being lost in obtaining tractors in crises, for example, one which may emerge regarding illness and bug control. It would ease issues happening from the lack of work. I II. Exercises OF HORTICULTURAL DEPARTMENT AND ADVISER 1 5. Other than prompting on staffing and offices, the Adviser co-worked with Department of Horticulture staff in various exercises, including the amendment of educational programs, developing of vegetable harvests, handy work, preparing understudies and staff, and exploration. Undergrad Curricula 16..Undergraduate investigations in agriculture spread a time of five years, the courses being: Years 1 and 2 : Basic science (Intermediate l evel); Year 3 : General cultivation; Year 4 : Fruit and vegetable developing and elaborate agriculture ; Year 5 : Fruit and vegetable creation, scene planting an d general food innovation. 1 7. The educational plans in the accompanying zones were reconsidered. (an) Intermediate level fundamental science; (b) Various significant field agricultural courses; (c) Agro-biology of Sind and Baluchistan; (d) Major green harvests in Sind and Baluchistan; e) Problems of foods grown from the ground creation in these two territories. 18. A break improvement plan was set up for undergrad and postgraduate examinations. It was concurred that the three existing courses in plant-reproducing and hereditary qualities gave a sufficient logical foundation in this field and that need should now go to foods grown from the ground creation. To this end, two new courses ought to be included with the goal that the general course would include: vegetable developing, vegetable creation (two courses) and seed creation. †5-19.In vegetable developing, notwithstanding the current territories of definition, order, soil and climatic necessities, the Faculty should includ e revolution, green manuring and kitchen garden development. The two courses in vegetable creation would give time for significant harvests to be